Determination to resist repression continues in ‘combat-ready’ Chamdo, frontline of ‘patriotic education’

New reports indicate a continued determination among Tibetans in Jomda (Chinese: Jiangda) county in eastern Chamdo (Chinese: Changdu) prefecture in the Tibet Autonomous Region, to resist repressive measures imposed after protests that began in March 2008. This is despite a dramatic tightening of security in the area and the imposition of ‘emergency’ measures by the authorities including a “readiness to defend to the death key sites, key aims, and key areas at sensitive and highly critical periods,” according to a recent notice of new strategies issued by the Chamdo government.

Chamdo has been described by the official media as the ‘frontline’ of the ‘patriotic education’ campaigns favored by the Chinese Communist Party as a means of pre-empting further nationalist protest in Tibet, and new measures have been introduced over the past few months to counter dissent and demonstrations. This ICT report outlines the authorities’ new emphasis on ‘security work’ in the region, including the use of ‘vigilante’ squads, the stepping up of military drilling, and the imposition of more checkpoints to monitor people arriving in and leaving the area. Official reports state that a ‘Jomda County Stability Work Emergency Plan’ is now in place, and that local security forces have a “combat readiness” (Changdu government website in Chinese, www.changdu.gov.cn/news_list.php?id=29177).

The authorities also announced a Chamdo-wide drive against ‘reactionary’ materials, which includes publications mentioning the Dalai Lama, and the seizure of “‘Tibet independence’ publications and propaganda materials, and other illegal political publications” across the prefecture last month.

Despite the authorities’ emphasis on ‘social stability’; the harsh repressive measures in place, and visits by senior officials from Lhasa to Chamdo, protests have continued to occur in the region. There were several confrontations between local people and security forces in Jomda during the summer months as Tibetans resisted coercion to denounce the Dalai Lama, and Tibetans in the area have also carried out a ‘farming boycott,’ in which farmers refused to till the fields in protest against the authorities.

In early July, local people also protested against the construction of a new military base at Ramdo, 10 km from the county town of Jomda, but were threatened with lethal retaliation if they persisted. According to one recent arrival from the area,

“Local people protested and clashed with the soldiers, and eight people were arrested. Two of them were the senior and junior village leaders, apparently. The senior leader was taken to Jomda county, made to do hard labor for 15 days, detained for a few days, and then released with a 1000 yuan (US $146) fine. The others were also fined. I don’t know the details or their names, but I heard that one of them was not released and was taken to Chamdo prison.”

The Chinese government regards Chamdo as “a strategic bridge between the Tibet Autonomous Region and the neighboring provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan and Qinghai.” (Tibet Daily, April 17). The region has been of particular strategic importance to Beijing since the Communist authorities gained control of central Tibet when Chamdo, eastern Tibet’s provincial capital, fell to the People’s Liberation Army on October 7, 1950. The Chinese authorities will mark the 60th anniversary of Chamdo’s ‘liberation’ next year.

The prefectural government website states:

“In those 60 years under the correct leadership of the Central Government and the State Council, with the long-term concern and support of the autonomous regional Party committee and government, and under the glorious light of the Party’s ethnic autonomy policies and with the enormous support of provinces and centrally administered municipalities and from enterprises, people of all nationalities throughout the entire prefecture have together made great achievements in a unified struggle for common prosperity and development, and in economic construction and social undertakings.”

Torture of monks after monks after protests against ‘patriotic education’

Monasteries in Jomda county have been subjected to an intensive campaign of ‘patriotic education’ since last year, in common with other religious institutions and broader civil society elsewhere in Tibet. In Chamdo, there has been a particular emphasis on patriotic education in conjunction with the authorities’ work on ‘social stability.’ According to one recent interviewee, the conduct of re-education campaigns requiring monks to sign written denunciations began in the summer of 2008 at Jopu monastery, near Jomda county town. In response, all 200 monks fled, leaving the monastery empty for several months, and no more than half have returned since.

Kyabche monastery in Nemdo township, one of the largest in Jomda county, has been visited by ‘patriotic education’ work teams on at least nine occasions since the events of March-April 2008, causing the monks to absent themselves rather than be forced to cooperate. The monastery, its philosophy college and hermitage had become entirely deserted by May 2009. Sources say that the monks had made it known that any monk who cooperated with the ‘patriotic education’ campaign would no longer be considered members of the religious community.

According to a report by the Tibetan language service of Radio Free Asia, several monks at Nemdo monastery in Nemdo township were detained on June 13 for non-cooperation with the patriotic education. A crowd of local people gathered at the detention centre to demand the monks’ release, and hundreds of soldiers dispersed them with tear gas, causing injuries. A local man who had served in the army and spoke Chinese well attempted to plead with the soldiers for clemency, but he was beaten up. The detained monks were later released, however, after negotiations between local officials and the county government.

“The Tibetans are very bold and aggressive these days. We had no choice but to order severe actions on the protestors,” a police official in Chamdo prefecture told RFA in a telephone interview.

In the same period, at least two further protests took place. On July 3, hundreds of local people from nine villages converged on Jomda county to protest the forced acquisition by the military of an area of land belonging to nearby Jopu monastery, according to reports by Voice of America Tibetan service and Voice of Tibet’s Chinese service on July 7. The reports stated that protestors said:

“If the government wants to take our land, they should take everything including fields, livestock and property, but then they must decide where we should all live and what we should eat.”

Security forces occupied the monastery’s buildings and threatened to demolish them if the absconding monks did not return. After the June 13 arrests, Nemdo township residents were obliged to send one member per household to reeducation meetings requiring them to denounce the Dalai Lama, the Karmapa, and Kyabche monastery. Participants were reportedly required to sign and fingerprint Chinese language documents. Pressure was put on local leaders and officials to persuade the monks to return, while tensions were inflamed by incidents of soldiers posted in the area hunting wildlife.

Kyabche and most other monasteries in that area belong to the Karma Kagyu school, which is headed by the 17th Karmapa, who escaped into exile in 2000 and who now lives in India close to the Dalai Lama. Monks at Kyabche have been prohibited from displaying photos of the Karmapa since his escape into exile, according to a Tibetan source, who also said that officials have denounced the Karmapa as a “running dog” of the exile government and urged monks to denounce him during periodic education campaigns since that time. This was not known to outside observers until now, and has not emerged in official policy at regional or national level.

Towards the end of June (reports indicate either June 22 or 27), two local Party members from the Pema Mepa area where many Kyabche monks come from, Gyurme Gonpo and Gyaltsang Dorje, were detained apparently because they were viewed to have failed to persuade the monks to participate in patriotic education. As they were being taken to the temporary military barracks at Kyabche, a group of at least 20 locals attempted to block the road in protest. They confronted the soldiers escorting the two detainees, who responded by throwing tear gas and beating the protestors with iron clubs, rubber batons and rifle butts, causing severe injury. At least 22 Tibetans were consequently detained at the Kyabche philosophy college, and reportedly subjected to extreme brutality, including having nails driven into the palms of their hands and soles of their feet, according to a report by the RFA Tibetan service on July 1.

According to new reports published by Tibetan exile organizations, on August 4, three Tibetans were sentenced to two years each in connection with this protest. According to a report on Phayul.com on August 13, following the incident, which was reported as occurring on June 27, a group of five Tibetans – Ashag Tsang Norlha, aged 47, Gonpo Dhargye, 44, Gyaltsang Jampa, 46, Bhulhuk, 56, Mutsa Tsang Tseten, 40 – were taken into custody at Jomda county. According to the same report, Gyaltsang Jampa, Bhulhuk and Mutsa Tsang Tseten were later moved to a detention center in Chamdo, where a court sentenced each of them to two years in prison. Details of charges are not known. Norlha and Gonpo Dhargye are still being detained in Jomda or Chamdo and no information is available of the charges against them or whether they are due to be tried.

According to various reports from the area, on the same day in June that the 22 Tibetans were detained after the protest, a group of 40 local people gathered near the college to demand their release. The security forces again threw tear gas and fired into the group, reportedly with rubber bullets, causing severe injury. Tibetans named as being among the wounded are as follows: Neten Tsering, Gelha, Drokyab, Gachung Dargye, Pargyel, Trinle Dargye, and a woman called Pasang. Medical facilities in the area are poor, and their present condition is uncertain.

A delegation of 30 local representatives from six villages (Kere Mema, Riwo Rupa, Kesip, Sokok, Pema Mepa, Norma Ruwa) then went to Jomda county on July 7 to appeal for the release of the five Kyabche detainees. They were told that the matter can only be decided at a higher level, according to Tibetans in exile with occasional phone contact to the region.

All Tibetan areas of the PRC continue to be subject to tight restrictions on communication, movement and assembly tantamount to martial law, so further information is not available. But the reports from Jomda all indicate popular determination to resist the repressive measures imposed after the March 2008 protests.

Chamdo: new emergency security measures on the frontline of ‘patriotic education’

According to the official media, Chamdo prefecture is now the frontline of the patriotic education campaigns favored by the Chinese Communist Party as a means of pre-empting further nationalist protest in Tibet through persuasion, intimidation and coercion. In addition to the “Love the Nation, Love Religion” campaigns being conducted in monasteries in past years, the present campaign targets ordinary people, especially schoolchildren, and aims for total coverage at grassroots level with the use of ‘relay teams’ and recruitment of vigilantes in local communities.^[1] (“Get a firm grasp on maintaining social stability and encourage cooperation: the vigorous promotion of building prosperity in Chamdo prefecture,” Tibet Daily, April 17, 2009; “Special features of study and implementation in the counties of Chamdo prefecture,” China Tibet News website May 20, 2009; “The flag of patriotism flutters over eastern Tibet,” Tibet Daily, June 7, 2009.) The document, which is translated into English and included below, states that

The vice-governor of the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) Pema Trinle, who has been responsible for numerous pronouncements on security and social stability over the last year, made several visits to Chamdo prefecture this year, indicating the authorities’ concerns about the level of unrest in the area. In April, he announced a “new juncture in security work” in a leading article in Tibet Daily (April 17). A new term, “Comprehensive Management of Social Stability” (CMSS) has been introduced and used frequently in the official press with regards to the authorities’ priorities in Chamdo.

The Chamdo government announced a new system of leadership called the ”Stability Guidance Bureau” to properly handle “many major incidents that have affected social stability.” (Posting on the Chamdo government website in Chinese language,

“Stability forces have been scientifically and rationally integrated, forces have been deployed at various levels in society, and on the basis of not letting problems appear in the county town, stability work in the 13 townships has been properly grasped, prominence was given to key monasteries, prominence was given to key masses, and strict precautions were taken and there was combat-readiness and a readiness to defend to the death key sites, key aims, and key areas at sensitive and highly critical periods. Twenty-nine security defense teams consisting of 318 Security Defense Team personnel maintained 24-hour patrols throughout the entire county, and have strengthened control efforts in focus areas such as filling stations, power plants, hydropower plants, and county government and county Party office buildings; Public Security Bureau departments have carried out 10 concentrated checking activities, and strengthened management of entertainment centers and over the floating population and idle workers [a reference to Chinese migrant workers and the unemployed]; four card checkpoints have been established at major roads and bridges across the Jinsha [Tibetan: Drichu] river, and checks on people coming and going have been strengthened.”^[2]

The same document implies the removal of Tibetan monks who may have expressed resistance from management committees in monasteries, stating:

“The power of the Democratic Management Committees [in monasteries] has been strengthened, firmly asserting the authority of the monasteries’ leadership and resolutely adjusting out from the Democratic Management Committees those people with political problems. Democratic Management Committees have been enriched with ‘Love the Country, Love Religion’ monks and nuns who are politically reliable, who have religious attainments, who are a good moral role-model for the masses and who have managerial abilities.”

In the county of Tengchen (Chinese: Dingqing) in Chamdo, ”security defense units” were formed to ensure ”stability”. The Tibet Daily Chamdo edition reported this week:

“Each township drew personnel from among militias [minbin], cadres and government workers to form security defense units [zhi’an lianfang dui] who ensured the long-term peace and stability of their townships by means of carrying out security patrols in their jurisdictions, checking outsiders, and carrying out rule of law propaganda and education at each monastery in their jurisdictions.” (November 24, 2009.)

Reports from Jomda county indicate that the patriotic education campaign in the monasteries continues to provoke resistance and protest. Monks in Jomda have been required to read their denunciations of the Dalai Lama on camera, as was reported in Ngaba (Chinese: Aba), Sichuan, and other areas affected by the 2008 protests, and to denounce their fellow monks for absconding.

Local level officials are also required to prove their loyalty and efficiency in courses and tests under the nationwide initiatives for ‘Scientific Development’ and ‘Building the Party’s capacity to govern.’ And as elsewhere in TAR since the events of March-April 2008, there has been a parallel campaign to promote ‘Legal Education’ in schools and local communities. Following the March 2008 protests, the authorities adjusted the ideological campaigns at monasteries and nunneries to include not only ‘patriotic education’ but also ‘rule of law propaganda activities,’ which center on compulsory discussions and lectures about certain Chinese laws and regulations, including the Constitution and the Regional Ethnic Autonomy Law. The emphasis on ‘legal education’ as a response to the March uprising is striking and appears to be another means of characterizing any form of dissent as a crime. (“Legal education for schools programme in Nakchok township, Lhorong county,” China Tibet News website, May 15, 2009; ”Chamdo prefecture gets manifest results from legal diffusion and propaganda,” Tibet Daily, April 8, 2009.)

In late October, the authorities announced the seizure of “reactionary” materials and “illegal publications,” which are likely to have included magazines and books with references to the Dalai Lama. Tibet Daily, Chamdo, reported on October 26: “In recent days, Chamdo prefecture has been carrying out concentrated prefecture-wide activities of confiscating and shutting down reactionary ’Tibet independence‘ publications and propaganda materials, and other illegal political publications.” (http://epaper.chinatibetnews.com/xzrb/html/2009-10/27/content_127117.htm). Together with police, a work group carried out “A comprehensive cleansing of Chamdo town’s cultural market, focusing raids on audio and video sales outlets, book shops, and print and copy shops, confiscating more than 200 illegal audio-visual products on disc. During the checks, investigative personnel patiently explained the relevant laws and regulations to the traders.”

New campaigns directed against Tibetan culture and religion over the past year in Tibetan areas mean that virtually any expression of Tibetan identity not directly sanctioned by the state can be branded as ”reactionary” or ”splittist” and penalized with a long prison sentence. There has been a renewed drive against ”cultural products” with ”suspect ideological content” such as songs referring to the Dalai Lama.

Detentions following ”farming boycott”

There have been arrests and tension in Jomda county in connection with a ”farming boycott” being undertaken in protest against the government and in solidarity with other areas of eastern Tibet, according to several exile Tibetan sources.

This form of protest started in Kardze (Chinese: Ganzi) prefecture in Sichuan (especially in Kardze, Drango (Chinese: Luhuo) and Tawu (Chinese: Daofu) counties) following the popular boycott of New Year ceremonies earlier this year. (ICT report: https://savetibet.org/media-center/ict-news-reports/tibetans-mourning-chinese-new-year-begins; Tibet Post, May 27, 2009; Tibet Times, June 6, 2009 and the Tibetan Government in Exile, Tibet.net, June 16, 2009.) The strike involved farmers refusing to carry out the spring planting. “The farmers know that they will be the ones to suffer if they do this,” one source told the Times of London (April 11, 2009). “But this is a way for them to show their unhappiness.” Officials sought to force farmers to resume normal farming activity and threatened them with confiscation of their land if they did not comply.

There were reports in July and October of several detentions linked to the boycott in Jomda county. Eight Tibetans were arrested in October on suspicion of involvement in a farming boycott, according to a Tibetan member of parliament Monlam Tharchin and reported on phayul.com (October 19, 2009). They were from a group of four villages in Khargang township which had refused to accept tractors being given by the state as “aid”. Three of them were released, but were hospitalized due to the brutal beatings they received during their detainment. They were reportedly interrogated about who was responsible for plotting, leading and backing the villagers’ protest.

Until recently, it was not well known that the farming boycott begun in Kardze in the Tibetan region of Kham in February 2009 was being observed in Jomda or any other part of TAR. The Jomda area is often referred to by locals as ‘Dege Jomda,’ since it was part of the Dege kingdom until the Chinese Communist occupation, when Dege’s territories west of the Drichu (Chinese: Jinsha, the upper reach of the Yangtze) river were annexed to Chamdo. The TAR authorities seek to maintain a rigid separation between the two provinces: during the crackdown after March 2008, according to witnesses, local people in Chamdo prefecture were required to report the presence of ‘outsiders’ from Sichuan province to police and threatened with punishment if caught assisting or harboring such people.

The most serious reported confrontation over the farming boycott issue in Jomda took place in the Ngulda Ruwa area, near the county town, on May 30, 2009. According to a still unconfirmed report on the Tibet Times website, this area had been selected by the security forces to begin coercing local farmers to go back to work. When summoned to a meeting to announce this, the people responded by attacking and vandalizing a local government building in protest. Truckloads of soldiers sent from the county town confronted protestors with teargas, gunfire and batons, causing serious injury. Several arrests were made, including three individuals who attempted to mediate with the security forces, and soldiers returned the following day to arrest any local men who had not already gone into hiding. Security forces reportedly forced villagers to cultivate their fields in several affected localities, but no other specific incidents have been reported.

Due to the poor harvest caused by farming boycott campaign in Jomda county, the authorities ordered Tibetans not to stop the supply and consumption of meat, according to local sources. The Tibetans, mostly nomadic families, told the authorities about their plan to abstain from meat as a mark of solidarity and to pray for all those Tibetans killed by Chinese security forces during the peaceful protests in Tibet last year. Since the nomads decided to spare animals, there has been no buying and selling of meat products in the county, a form of protest which, unlike the farming strike, directly affects government and military personnel stationed in the county.

The Tibetan government in exile issued a statement on March 22, 2009 appealing to Tibetans to resume farming. The Tibetan Prime Minister in exile, Samdhong Rinpoche, advised Tibetans not to make this sacrifice and to “stop their refusal to till the fields.” (April 6, 2009, Tibetan language service of Radio Free Asia.)

Some Tibetan sources have indicated that in some areas farming has begun again as normal but it is not yet clear what effect the boycott has had on the 2009 harvest in Chamdo.

Earlier incidents of protest in Jomda county

There was a serious incident of protest in Denma township, a far-flung corner of Jomda, on January 10, when locals sought to prevent a local dance troupe from taking part in the official celebrations for the anniversary of ‘Democratic Reform’ in 1959. Reportedly there had also been a bombing at a local government office in the township on January 5. According to the Dharamsala-based Tibetan Centre for Human Rights and Democracy, six monks from Choekor monastery arrested in association with these incidents were sentenced to 12 to 15-year prison terms by Jomda county people’s court on May 22, 2009. Choekor monastery remains a particular target of the ongoing patriotic education campaign.

According to one recent arrival from the area:

“After the incident in January, everything was quiet for 10 days or so. Then 20 trucks came full of soldiers. There is a primary school nearby, and the soldiers pitched their tents in the compound. They stayed for nearly three months. They carried weapons and did military exercises every day. Eleven officials from the county Religious Affairs Department, United Front Department, Public Security Department and the township government gave political re-education classes to the monks. They told them that it was wrong for any monk to be involved in any such activity, how we had to struggle against the Dalai Clique, that the Party’s policy is correct and that we had to love our nationality and the Party, and so on.

“They said we had better behave ourselves, because those soldiers, whom we must have seen, were there to deal with us, so we had better think carefully. They threatened that the higher authorities just had to say the word and the monastery would be closed, and not a single monk allowed to remain. There were over 300 monks there at the time, and the officials kept saying they would enforce the limit, so not wanting to be expelled, over 200 monks left voluntarily. One group went up into the mountains to hide out, and the others went back to their homes.”

Protests flared up during the 2008 uprising at Wara monastery (March 30, 2008) and more seriously at Sibda (April 15, 2008), in response to the presence of patriotic education teams.

Authorities claim success despite evidence

Despite the recent evidence, the authorities still claim that their efforts in ensuring stability in Chamdo have been a success. Tibet Daily reported on April 17:

“For a long time, in the face of (movement of) many outsiders, serious disturbances, and great pressure on social stability work, the prefecture has put great emphasis on security work through all kinds of means, and attained good results, and with the continuing emphasis on Comprehensive Management of Social Stability centered on the ‘Prosperous Chamdo’ campaign, the ongoing stability of the whole prefecture has been assured.”

Tibet Daily reported:

“Since the beginning of the year, Chamdo prefecture has embarked on social stability work in conjunction with the new situation, conducting popular patriotic education activities in a concentrated manner, prioritizing the themes of ‘The Communist Party is good, socialism is good, reform and opening up is good, the People’s Army is good, the masses of various nationalities are good, and the great Motherland is good,’ to establish stronger popular foundations for opposing splittism and maintaining social stability. Propaganda relay teams at prefecture, county, township and village levels have toured 138 townships and 1127 administrative villages throughout the prefecture to conduct over 1300 sessions, distributed over 180,000 information leaflets in Chinese and Tibetan, 15,000 booklets and 800 videos, reaching 120,000 individuals and covering 90% of administrative villages. County governments have redeployed their forces by instituting relay teams and using a variety of opportunities and methods to do effective work.” (June 7, 2009.)

A translation by ICT into English of the new measures in Chamdo, entitled: “Six simultaneous measures for thoroughly carrying out stability work well”, is included below. http://www.changdu.gov.cn/news_list.php?id=29177

[1] The eight main points of the patriotic education campaign outlined by the official media are as follows:
1. Love and loyalty to Communist Party leaders
2. Study of the establishment of new China’s socialism and its importance in history
3. Study of the history of the establishment of the socialist system and its implementation as applied to regional autonomy for minority nationalities
4. Celebrate the 60th birthday of new China and 50th anniversary of ‘democratic reform’ in Tibet
5. Oppose separatism and safeguard social stability.
6. China’s special characteristics and Tibet’s special characteristics and their development
7. Spirit of nationalities and the spirit of the new (21st) century
8. Benefits of the present policy

[2] The use of ‘vigilante’ squads and the stepping up of military drilling have been features of security work elsewhere in the TAR. An article in Tibet Daily on February 1, 2009 refers to the formation of a joint security team in Ngarab township in Gyatsa (Chinese: Jiacha) county in Lhokha (Chinese: Shannan) prefecture under the direct supervision of the local Party secretary and head of the local government, with training from security personnel including “hand to hand combat” and “marching drill”. Tibet Daily reports: “To improve the general level of the joint security team, they have selected a youth squad of recent school graduates who are virile, hard, qualified, educated and aware, and they go on patrol every day, making thorough inspection tours of the main street, making a sterling contribution to the maintenance of law and order in Gyatsa county.” This initiative in Gyatsa followed a conference in Lhasa on ‘Constructing the basic organization of the TAR Civil Defense Bureau,’ led by the Tibet Military District political commissar Wang Zengbo, with representatives from the central government finance and defense ministries, and chaired by Pema Trinle. This bureau is primarily concerned with coordination between government and non-military defense forces (ie, the PAP), and organization of local level militia. (Tibet Daily, April 28, 2009.)

六措并举切实做好维稳工作

Six simultaneous measures for thoroughly carrying out stability work well

发表日期：2009-08-06 阅读次数：25

Publication date: August 6, 2009

在学习实践活动中，江达县按照“稳定是硬任务，是第一责任，任何时候都不能麻痹”的要求，主要领导切实履行职责，采取六项措施，确保维稳工作取得阶段性的胜利。

In the study and practice of activities and in accordance with the demands of “stability is the solid task, the first duty, and we must guard against paralysis at all times,” Jiangda [Tibetan: Jomda] county’s important leaders have been thoroughly carrying out their professional duties, taking six measures to ensure stability work attains interim victories.

始终强化思想认识和组织领导。根据江达县严峻的维稳形势，县委、县府先后召开14次会议，县维稳指挥部召开6次会议专题研究部署维稳工作，补充完善了《江达县维稳工作应急预案》，制定了应急处突实施细则，召开7次全县党员领导干部大会，统一干部职工思想认识，使全县干部职工始终保持政治上的清醒和思想上的警惕，切实担负起维稳工作的重任，自觉投入到维稳工作中来。维稳指挥部坚持领导带班及24小时值班制度，加强对紧急突发事件的组织指挥和快速处置，妥善处置了多起影响社会稳定的重大事件。提前安排、周密部署，做到了思想认识到位、组织领导 到位、处突预案到位、力量准备到位、宣传教育到位，确保了维稳工作机制高效协调运转。

Consistently strengthen thought, recognize and organize leadership. In accordance with the grim [yanjun]
stability situation in Jiangda county, the County Committee and County Government has convened 14 meetings and the County Stability Guidance Bureau has convened six meetings all focused on researching and implementing stability work; “Jiangda County Stability Work Emergency Plan” has been supplemented and improved, implementation plans have been formulated for the Emergency Department, and seven large meetings of the county Party members, leaders and cadres have been convened, thereby unifying the thought and understanding of cadres and officials, making cadres and officials throughout the entire county consistently maintain clarity in politics and vigilance in thought, thoroughly take on the important burden of stability work, and conscientiously invest themselves in stability work. The Stability Guidance Bureau has maintained a system of leadership command on 24-hour duty, strengthening organizational command and rapid response to emergency sudden situations, and has properly handled many major incidents that have effected social stability. Plans have been pre-made with careful arrangements so that ideological understanding is in place, organizational leadership is in place, emergency plans are in place, forces are prepared and in place, and propaganda and education are in place, ensuring highly coordinated functionality in stability work mechanisms.

高度重视重点要害部位的管控。按照“防范第一、处置高效、以不出问题为核心”的原则，科学合理整合维稳力量，分层次把力量部署在社会面上，在确保县城不出问题的基础上，抓好13个乡镇的维稳工作，突出重点寺庙，突出重点人群，对重点地段、重点目标、重点区域和敏感、高危时段严密防范、严阵以待、严防死守。全县29个治安联防队318名治安联防员坚持24小时值班巡逻，加大了对油站、电站、水厂、县委县府办公大楼等重点部位的管控力度；公安部门开展了10次集中清查活动，加大对娱乐集中场所和流动人口及闲散人员的管理；在金沙江等重要桥梁和 路段设立了4个检查卡点，加强对出入人员检查。

Attach great importance and focus to the control of vital areas. In accordance with the principle of “prevention first, efficient handling, with not letting problems appear as core,” stability forces have been scientifically and rationally integrated, forces have been deployed at various levels in society, and on the basis of not letting problems appear in the county town, stability work in the 13 townships has been properly grasped, prominence was given to key monasteries, prominence was given to key masses, and strict precautions were taken and there was combat-readiness and a readiness to defend to the death key sites, key aims, and key areas at sensitive and highly critical periods. Twenty-nine security defense teams consisting of 318 Security Defense Team personnel maintained 24-hour patrols throughout the entire county, and have strengthened control efforts in focus areas such as filling stations, power plants, hydropower plants, and county government and county Party office buildings; Public Security Bureau departments have carried out 10 concentrated checking activities, and strengthened management of entertainment centers and over the floating population and idle workers; four card check-points have been established at major roads and bridges across the Jinsha [Tibetan: Drichu] river, and checks on people coming and going have been strengthened.

严格落实人民内部矛盾排查调处责任制。针对新形势下人民内部矛盾错综复杂、相互交织、容易被敌对分子利用的特点和实际，高度重视人民内部矛盾的调处，在具体实践中不断提高解决和处置人民内部矛盾的能力。对江达县草场、虫草资源纠纷、国家重 点工程建设征地补偿、资源开发与环境保护等出现的问题运用经济、行政、法律和政策等手段，讲情、讲理、讲法，按照“可散不可聚、可顺不可激、可解不可结” 的原则，耐心细致地做好群众思想教育工作，及时妥善处理，严防经济问题政治化、局部问题全局化、简单问题复杂化。虫草采集之前，制定了《江达县2009年 虫草采集期间处突工作预案》，明确工作职责，采取教育引导、跟踪管理、积极预防、做好应急准备等多项措施，对重点和易发纠纷隐患乡村，提前加强监控和排 查。成功调处了长达17年之久的卡贡乡洛麦村与江达镇敏达村资源纠纷；岗托镇雪巴村与波罗乡比通村资源纠纷；古色四队与七队资源纠纷被有效控制，并同时破 获了“5•27”枪击案，缴获5支枪支。

Rigorously implement a responsibility system for investigating and mediating contradictions among the people. With the special nature and reality of the complex and intertwined contradictions which are easily used by hostile elements among the people, a high degree of attention was placed on handling contradictions among the people, and in actual practice abilities for resolving and handling contradictions among the people were ceaselessly raised. Economic, administrative, and legal and policy means for resolving pasture and yertsa gumbu [caterpillar fungus; a key source of income for Tibetans and some Chinese] disputes were employed in Jomda county, and land used for state key construction projects, resource development and environmental protection was compensate for; the situation was stressed, reason was stress, and the law was stressed, and in accordance with the principle of “that gathered will not be strewn, that soothed will not be shocked, and that solved will not be knotted,” thought education work was patiently and painstakingly carried out among the masses, issues were handled in a timely way, the politicization of economic problems was prevented, the globalization of local problems was prevented, and the exacerbation of simple problems was prevented. Prior to the gathering of yertsa gumbu, “Jiangda county 2009 work plan for handling sudden incidents during the concentrated period of gathering yertsa gumbu” was formulated; with specific duties and responsibilities, various measures were used to strengthen in advance the monitoring and investigation of key villages and townships vulnerable to the easy occurrence of disputes, such as education and guidance, tracking management, active prevention and emergency preparedness. The 17-year dispute over resources between Luomai village in Kagong township and Minda village in Jiangda township was successfully resolved; the dispute over resources between Xueba village in Gangtuo township and Bitong village in Boluo township was resolved; the resource dispute between Guse Four Brigade and Seven Brigade has been effectively controlled, and at the same time the “5.27” [May 27] case of the armed attack was solved and five guns were seized.

切实加大对刑事犯罪的打击力度。江达县根据“打早打小、露头就打”的原则，严厉打击各 类刑事犯罪活动。深入开展打黑除恶专项斗争和治爆缉枪专项行动，加大命案侦破力度，对性质恶劣、社会影响大的命案、恶性案件，集中优势兵力，加大侦破力 度，努力实现“命案必破”的目标，严厉打击涉枪、涉爆等严重暴力犯罪活动，对现行涉枪、涉爆等严重暴力犯罪案件全力攻坚；对流散在社会上的非法枪支，采取 宣传教育和突击搜查相结合的方式及时加以收缴。进一步强化与毗邻地区的警务协作机制，完善联手打击、联防联控、综合治理等方面的协作措施，提高打击违法犯 罪的整体功效。截止6月15日，共处理各类违法犯罪案件15件26人。

Thoroughly broaden the attack against criminal offenses. According to the principle of “strike early, strike even at minor crime and strike as soon as it appears,” Jiangda county has struck hard against all forms of criminal activity. Development of special-focus struggle activities against gangs and firearms has been deepened, efforts in murder cases has increased, forces have been concentrate in cases of heinous crimes that have a large impact on society and malignant cases, and investigations increased; efforts were made to attain the target of “murder cases must be solved,” hard strike were made against serious violent criminal activities involving guns and explosives, and full effort was put into current cases of violent criminal activities involving guns and explosives; and measures of propaganda and education in concert with surprise searches were adopt in order to collect in a timely way illegal firearms circulating in society. The mechanisms of cooperation with police services in neighboring districts was strengthened a step further, cooperative measures were improve in such areas as joint strikes, joint prevention and control and integrated management, and the overall effectiveness of striking hard against criminality was raised. As of June 15, 15 cases of various crimes involving 26 people had been handled.

高度重视群众的宣传教育引导。江达县从6个相关部门抽调20余名精干力量组成联合工作 组，先后深入13个乡镇和学校，以提高农牧民群众精神文化素质、法律知识、科学技术和医疗条件四个方面为主线，以为农牧民群众办实事、办好事为目的，采取 县工作组到乡镇、乡镇工作组到村、村工作组到户的三级联动办法，通过召开座谈会、集中宣讲、田间地头面对面宣讲、悬挂横幅、张贴标语、发放宣传资料、放映 影片等多种形式，层层落实，全满铺开，成效良好。共发放藏汉文政策宣传读本500本，放映爱国主义教育影片12场次，直接帮扶群众达2000余人次，受教 育群众达3万余人，群众性爱国主义教育活动取得明显实效。

Attach great importance to guidance of the masses by propaganda and education. Jiangda county transferred a force of more than 20 outstanding cadres from six relevant departments to form a Joint Working Group which went deep into 13 townships and schools, and by taking as the main thread the four areas of raising the quality of the farming and nomadic masses’ spiritual civilization, legal knowledge, science and technology and medical conditions, and with the aim of doing good deeds for the farming and nomadic masses, they adopted a three-tier method of the county working group going to the township, the township working group going to the village, and the village working group going to the household. By using various means such as holding seminars, concentrated propaganda, face-to-face lectures in fields, hanging banners, pasting slogans, distributing propaganda material and showing films, this multi-layered and broad approach proved to be very effective. In total, 500 books in Chinese and Tibetan were distributed propagandizing government policy, patriotic education movies were shown 12 times, direct assistance for the masses was given to more than 2000 people, more than 30,000 of the masses received education, and mass patriotic education activities achieved evident effectiveness.

切实加强对寺庙的教育管理。一是江达县制定《关于在全县68座寺庙深入开展法制宣传教 育工作实施方案》，成立寺庙法制宣传教育工作领导小组，建立地县联合督导组。抽调了地、县、乡干部共126人，组成13个工作组分赴13个乡镇开展寺庙法 制宣传教育活动。讲方法、讲策略、旗帜鲜明、大张旗鼓地宣传党的政策及国家法律法规，确保了江达县寺庙法制宣讲工作取得了实效。二是进一步落实属地管理原 则，坚持和完善领导干部联系寺庙，建立寺庙劝退人员管理办法。进一步完善从源头管理的措施，加强民管会班子力量，牢牢掌握寺庙领导权，坚决把那些政治上有 问题的人调整出民管会，把政治上靠得住、宗教上有造诣、品德上能服众、管理能力强的爱国爱教僧尼充实到民管会班子中，大力推广乡(镇)副职担任寺管会常务 副主任做法，使其真正发挥作用。建立健全县、乡、村三级宗教工作管理网络，县、乡、村、寺庙层层签订寺庙管理责任书，落实目标管理责任制。依法加强对正常 宗教活动和大型传统宗教活动的管理，确保宗教秩序正常化、宗教活动规范化、宗教事务法制化。今年以来，共调整寺管会成员38人，充实乡镇领导担任寺管会常 务副主任10人；与全县68座寺庙签定了寺庙管理目标责任书，同时各寺庙根据寺管会和实际的要求完善了《寺庙管理暂行办法》

Thoroughly strengthen education management at monasteries. First, Jiangda county formulated an “Implementation plan for deepening deployment of rule-of-law propaganda and education work in the entire county’s 68 monasteries,” it established a monastery Rule-of-Law Propaganda and Education Work Leading Small Group, and established a Prefecture-County Joint Supervisory Leading Group. 126 prefecture, county and township cadres were transferred to form 13 working groups which went to the 13 townships to carry out rule-of-law propaganda and education activities in monasteries. Methodically, strategically and with a clear-cut stand and on a grand scale, Party policy and state laws were propagandized, ensuring that Jiangda county’s monastery rule-of-law propaganda and education work achieved effectiveness. Second, the principle of managing the jurisdiction was improved a step further by upholding and improving leading cadres’ contacts with monasteries and by establishing management methods for persuading personnel to withdraw from the monastery. Management at source has been improved a step further and the power of the Democratic Management Committees has been strengthened, firmly asserting the authority of the monasteries’ leadership and resolutely adjusting out from the Democratic Management Committees those people with political problems. Democratic Management Committees have been enriched with love-the-country, love-religion monks and nuns who are politically reliable, who have religious attainments, who are a good moral role-model for the masses and who have managerial abilities. The practice of township (county town) executive deputy chairmen assuming positions as monastery Democratic Management Committee executive deputy chairmen has been strenuously promoted so that their full roles can be brought into play. A comprehensive three-level network over the county, townships and villages has been established for religion work management, and monasteries have signed responsibility contracts at all three county, township and village levels, and a target management responsibility system has been implemented. The management of normal religious activities and large-scale traditional religious activities has been strengthened according to law, ensuring the normalization of religion’s order, the standardization of religious activities, and the legalization of religious affairs. This year a total of 38 monastery Democratic Management Committee members have been adjusted, and 10 people from among township (county town) leadership have assumed positions as executive deputy directors on monastery Democratic Management Committees; monastery management target responsibility contracts have been signed with all 68 monasteries in the county, and at the same time, each monastery has perfected the “Monastery Management Temporary Measures” in accordance with the demands of the monastery Democratic Management Committees and reality.